Stephens Inc
- SEC CIK
- 0000757657
- Latest filing
- Jul 29, 2026
Holdings in Q4 2022
Holdings as of Dec 31, 2022, filed Feb 14, 2023. Long positions only; changes compare share counts with Q3 2022.
- Positions
- 1,169
- −33 vs. Q3 2022
- Portfolio value
- $4.88B
- +$197.5M (+4.2%) vs. Q3 2022
| Security | Class | Shares | Value | % of portfolio | Share change | Action | History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBRLCracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc | COM | 4,246 | $402.2K | <0.1% | −13−0.3% | Reduced | History |
| Invesco Exchange Traded FD T46137V365 | S&P500 EQL ENR | 5,551 | $403.5K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| Invesco Exch TRD SLF Idx FD46138J536 | BULSHS 2024 MUNI | 16,375 | $405.3K | <0.1% | −8,050−33.0% | Reduced | – |
| Invesco Exch TRD SLF Idx FD46138J544 | BULSHS 2023 MUNI | 16,150 | $405.9K | <0.1% | −8,150−33.5% | Reduced | – |
| State Street Industrial Select Sector SPDR ETF81369Y704 | ETF | 4,161 | $408.7K | <0.1% | −20−0.5% | Reduced | – |
| ARK Innovation ETF00214Q104 | ETF | 13,090 | $408.9K | <0.1% | −9,414−41.8% | Reduced | – |
| Victory Portfolios II92647N824 | VCSHS US EQ INCM | 6,610 | $410.3K | <0.1% | −30−0.5% | Reduced | – |
| APTVAptiv PLC | SHS | 4,422 | $411.8K | <0.1% | −2,909−39.7% | Reduced | History |
| Global X FDS37954Y293 | GLB X MLP ENRG I | 10,145 | $413.5K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| ONOn Semiconductor Corp | Stock | 6,635 | $413.8K | <0.1% | +2,230+50.6% | Added | History |
| CEGConstellation Energy Corp | Stock | 4,818 | $415.4K | <0.1% | −563−10.5% | Reduced | History |
| Vanguard Scottsdale FDS92206C565 | TOTAL WLD BD ETF | 6,200 | $415.7K | <0.1% | −239−3.7% | Reduced | – |
| iShares Tr46435U796 | SYSTEMATIC BD ET | 4,995 | $416.8K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| BKRBaker Hughes Co | CL A | 14,119 | $416.9K | <0.1% | +2,343+19.9% | Added | History |
| iShares Tr46436E718 | 0-3 MTH TREASURY | 4,190 | $419.6K | <0.1% | +4,190 | New | – |
| State Street SPDR Portfolio Aggregate Bond ETF78464A649 | ETF | 16,881 | $424.2K | <0.1% | +80+0.5% | Added | – |
| PODDInsulet Corp | Stock | 1,442 | $424.5K | <0.1% | −329−18.6% | Reduced | History |
| ALLYAlly Financial Inc. | Stock | 17,458 | $426.9K | <0.1% | −36,639−67.7% | Reduced | History |
| HBIHanesbrands Inc. | COM | 67,701 | $430.6K | <0.1% | +1,383+2.1% | Added | History |
| LYVLive Nation Entertainment, Inc. | COM | 6,182 | $431.1K | <0.1% | +26+0.4% | Added | History |
| First Tr Exchange-Traded Alp33734Y109 | COM SHS | 5,500 | $431.5K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| TYLTyler Technologies Inc | COM | 1,347 | $434.3K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | History |
| Innovator ETFs Trust45782C474 | US SML CP PWR B | 14,523 | $434.4K | <0.1% | −111,346−88.5% | Reduced | – |
| CTRClearBridge MLP & Midstream Total Return Fund Inc. | COM | 15,425 | $436.1K | <0.1% | −432−2.7% | Reduced | History |
| OTISOtis Worldwide Corp | Stock | 5,572 | $436.3K | <0.1% | −2,989−34.9% | Reduced | History |
| NMZNuveen Municipal High Income Opportunity Fund | COM | 42,305 | $437.4K | <0.1% | +29,890+240.8% | Added | History |
| Black Mountain Acq Corp09216A207 | UNIT 99/99/9999 | 43,000 | $437.7K | <0.1% | −2,000−4.4% | Reduced | – |
| EQTEQT Corp | Stock | 13,013 | $440.2K | <0.1% | +459+3.7% | Added | History |
| PHYSSprott Physical Gold Trust | PHYSICAL GOLD TR | 31,425 | $443.1K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | History |
| LHLabcorp Holdings Inc. | COM NEW | 1,883 | $443.5K | <0.1% | −183−8.9% | Reduced | History |
| Vanguard Scottsdale FDS92206C102 | SHORT TERM TREAS | 7,682 | $444.2K | <0.1% | +2,208+40.3% | Added | – |
| ASAASA Gold & Precious Metals Ltd | SHS | 31,105 | $445.1K | <0.1% | +3,746+13.7% | Added | History |
| ZYMEZymeworks Inc. | COM | 56,647 | $445.2K | <0.1% | +56,647 | New | History |
| First Tr Exchange-Traded FD33734X150 | INDLS PROD DUR | 8,666 | $446.4K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| ACHCAcadia Healthcare Company, Inc. | COM | 5,439 | $447.7K | <0.1% | −17−0.3% | Reduced | History |
| ANSSAnsys Inc | COM | 1,874 | $452.7K | <0.1% | +51+2.8% | Added | History |
| Invesco Exch Traded FD Tr II46138E404 | CEF INM COMPSI | 25,005 | $453.1K | <0.1% | −3,186−11.3% | Reduced | – |
| Invesco Exchange Traded FD T46137V266 | S&P500 PUR GWT | 2,992 | $453.6K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| GKOSGLAUKOS Corp | COM | 10,425 | $455.4K | <0.1% | +4,691+81.8% | Added | History |
| SBRASabra Health Care REIT, Inc. | REIT | 36,658 | $455.7K | <0.1% | +36,658 | New | History |
| MCKMcKesson Corp | Stock | 1,217 | $456.5K | <0.1% | +3+0.2% | Added | History |
| iShares Tr464288612 | INTRM GOV CR ETF | 4,527 | $463.8K | <0.1% | +28+0.6% | Added | – |
| iShares Tr464287754 | US INDUSTRIALS | 4,810 | $464.0K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| WOLFWolfspeed, Inc. | Stock | 6,728 | $464.5K | <0.1% | −1,445−17.7% | Reduced | History |
| CMECME Group Inc. | COM | 2,768 | $465.4K | <0.1% | −618−18.3% | Reduced | History |
| XPOXPO, Inc. | COM | 14,053 | $467.8K | <0.1% | +14,053 | New | History |
| BSTBlackRock Science & Technology Trust | SHS | 16,535 | $469.1K | <0.1% | +1,400+9.3% | Added | History |
| VTRSViatris Inc | Stock | 42,147 | $469.1K | <0.1% | −6,918−14.1% | Reduced | History |
| OSWOnespaworld Holdings Ltd | COM | 50,317 | $469.5K | <0.1% | +50,317 | New | History |
| iShares Trust iShares 0-1 Year Treasury Bond ETF464288679 | ETF | 4,273 | $469.7K | <0.1% | −968−18.5% | Reduced | – |
| WSOWatsco Inc | COM | 1,896 | $472.9K | <0.1% | −1−0.1% | Reduced | History |
| WELLWelltower Inc. | REIT | 7,249 | $475.2K | <0.1% | −1,560−17.7% | Reduced | History |
| DNOWDNOW Inc. | COM | 37,500 | $476.3K | <0.1% | −21,200−36.1% | Reduced | History |
| iShares Tr464288307 | MRGSTR MD CP GRW | 8,853 | $477.0K | <0.1% | −5,800−39.6% | Reduced | – |
| First Trust Financials Alphadex Fund33734X135 | ETF | 11,697 | $479.1K | <0.1% | −1,185−9.2% | Reduced | – |
| DXPEDXP Enterprises Inc | COM NEW | 17,392 | $479.1K | <0.1% | −1,500−7.9% | Reduced | History |
| DVDoubleVerify Holdings, Inc. | COM | 21,844 | $479.7K | <0.1% | +21,844 | New | History |
| KRPKimbell Royalty Partners, LP | UNIT | 28,831 | $481.5K | <0.1% | +6,988+32.0% | Added | History |
| CASYCaseys General Stores Inc | COM | 2,147 | $481.8K | <0.1% | −116−5.1% | Reduced | History |
| CINFCincinnati Financial Corp | COM | 4,729 | $484.2K | <0.1% | −3,868−45.0% | Reduced | History |
| KEXKirby Corp | COM | 7,557 | $486.3K | <0.1% | −15,155−66.7% | Reduced | History |
| SABASaba Capital Income & Opportunities Fund II | COM | 112,432 | $486.8K | <0.1% | −14,096−11.1% | Reduced | History |
| Vanguard S&P 500 Value ETF921932703 | ETF | 3,509 | $491.5K | <0.1% | −21−0.6% | Reduced | – |
| FRFirst Industrial Realty Trust Inc | COM | 10,195 | $492.0K | <0.1% | −242−2.3% | Reduced | History |
| WDAYWorkday, Inc. | CL A | 2,956 | $494.6K | <0.1% | −26,126−89.8% | Reduced | History |
| HPHelmerich & Payne, Inc. | COM | 9,980 | $494.7K | <0.1% | −11−0.1% | Reduced | History |
| Vanguard Star FDS921909768 | VG TL INTL STK F | 9,580 | $495.5K | <0.1% | +4,568+91.1% | Added | – |
| Vanguard Malvern FDS922020805 | STRM INFPROIDX | 10,615 | $495.8K | <0.1% | −3,132−22.8% | Reduced | – |
| FCFSFirstCash Holdings, Inc. | COM | 5,716 | $496.8K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | History |
| TTWOTake Two Interactive Software Inc | COM | 4,781 | $497.8K | <0.1% | −728−13.2% | Reduced | History |
| MANHManhattan Associates Inc | Stock | 4,120 | $500.2K | <0.1% | +185+4.7% | Added | History |
| ODFLOld Dominion Freight Line, Inc. | COM | 1,775 | $503.7K | <0.1% | −47−2.6% | Reduced | History |
| ALCAlcon Inc | Stock | 7,371 | $505.3K | <0.1% | −92−1.2% | Reduced | History |
| BTZBlackRock Credit Allocation Income Trust | COM | 50,112 | $506.1K | <0.1% | −5,955−10.6% | Reduced | History |
| SAPSAP SE | ADR | 4,912 | $506.9K | <0.1% | +740+17.7% | Added | History |
| Goldman Sachs ETF Tr38149W820 | INNOVAT EQ ETF | 12,500 | $510.1K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| Legg Mason ETF Invt52468L406 | FRANKLIN US LOW | 13,575 | $516.4K | <0.1% | −1,000−6.9% | Reduced | – |
| BANRBanner Corp | COM NEW | 8,190 | $517.6K | <0.1% | +1,684+25.9% | Added | History |
| Invesco Exch TRD SLF Idx FD46138J791 | BULSHS 2026 CB | 27,364 | $517.9K | <0.1% | −1,739−6.0% | Reduced | – |
| REGNRegeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | COM | 719 | $518.8K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | History |
| Global X Uranium ETF37954Y871 | ETF | 25,835 | $518.8K | <0.1% | −225−0.9% | Reduced | – |
| VGIVirtus Global Multi-Sector Income Fund | COM | 66,965 | $519.0K | <0.1% | +15,910+31.2% | Added | History |
| SPGSimon Property Group Inc. | REIT | 4,435 | $521.0K | <0.1% | −129−2.8% | Reduced | History |
| iShares Russell Top 200 Growth ETF464289438 | ETF | 4,329 | $521.8K | <0.1% | −247−5.4% | Reduced | – |
| PRCHPorch Group, Inc. | COM | 277,894 | $522.4K | <0.1% | −356,175−56.2% | Reduced | History |
| ONONOn Holding AG | Stock | 30,450 | $522.5K | <0.1% | −6,900−18.5% | Reduced | History |
| AAPAdvance Auto Parts Inc | COM | 3,556 | $522.8K | <0.1% | +123+3.6% | Added | History |
| PIMCO Enhanced Short Maturity Active Exchange-Traded Fund72201R833 | ETF | 5,303 | $523.1K | <0.1% | −36−0.7% | Reduced | – |
| OXYOccidental Petroleum Corp | Stock | 8,310 | $523.4K | <0.1% | −200−2.4% | Reduced | History |
| EXCExelon Corp | Stock | 12,127 | $524.2K | <0.1% | +183+1.5% | Added | History |
| MAAMid America Apartment Communities Inc. | COM | 3,351 | $526.1K | <0.1% | −179−5.1% | Reduced | History |
| CROXCrocs, Inc. | COM | 4,859 | $526.9K | <0.1% | +4,859 | New | History |
| IPGPIpg Photonics Corp | COM | 5,566 | $526.9K | <0.1% | −12,965−70.0% | Reduced | History |
| iShares U.S. Treasury Bond ETF46429B267 | ETF | 23,196 | $527.0K | <0.1% | 00.0% | Unchanged | – |
| FGF&G Annuities & Life, Inc. | COMMON STOCK | 26,354 | $527.3K | <0.1% | +26,354 | New | History |
| SLBSLB Limited | Stock | 9,920 | $530.3K | <0.1% | −3,481−26.0% | Reduced | History |
| AXONAxon Enterprise, Inc. | COM | 3,205 | $531.8K | <0.1% | −57−1.7% | Reduced | History |
| BKNGBooking Holdings Inc. | Stock | 265 | $534.0K | <0.1% | +40+17.8% | Added | History |
| iShares Tr464288851 | US OIL GS EX ETF | 5,772 | $536.0K | <0.1% | +91+1.6% | Added | – |
| EGPEastgroup Properties Inc | COM | 3,632 | $537.7K | <0.1% | −403−10.0% | Reduced | History |
Sold out since Q3 2022 (95)
Positions held at the end of Q3 2022 that are gone from this filing.
| Security | Class | Shares in Q3 2022 | Value in Q3 2022 | % of portfolio in Q3 2022 | History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard Admiral FDS Inc921932885 | MIDCP 400 IDX | 87,035 | $12.9M | 0.3% | – |
| Invesco Exch TRD SLF Idx FD46138J882 | BULSHS 2022 CB | 310,883 | $6.58M | 0.1% | – |
| Innovator ETFs Trust45782C508 | US EQTY PWR BUF | 216,388 | $6.37M | 0.1% | – |
| Litman Gregory FDS Tr53700T827 | IMGP DBI MAN ETF | 128,196 | $4.35M | 0.1% | – |
| Global X Lithium & Battery Tech ETF37954Y855 | ETF | 63,317 | $4.18M | 0.1% | – |
| TWTRTwitter, Inc. | COM | 51,028 | $2.24M | <0.1% | History |
| ABMDAbiomed Inc | COM | 6,263 | $1.54M | <0.1% | History |
| MOHMolina Healthcare, Inc. | COM | 4,265 | $1.41M | <0.1% | History |
| Listed FDS Tr53656F623 | HORI KI INFL ETF | 48,850 | $1.36M | <0.1% | – |
| First Tr Exchng Traded FD VI33740F599 | FT VEST US EQT | 43,446 | $1.28M | <0.1% | – |
| iShares Tr46434VBA7 | IBONDS DEC22 ETF | 50,231 | $1.26M | <0.1% | – |
| FRTFederal Realty Investment Trust | SH BEN INT NEW | 13,655 | $1.23M | <0.1% | History |
| WEATTeucrium Commodity Trust | WHEAT FD | 119,432 | $1.09M | <0.1% | History |
| First Tr Exchng Traded FD VI33740F623 | FT VEST US EQT | 34,974 | $1.07M | <0.1% | – |
| TMPTompkins Financial Corp | COM | 11,255 | $817.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Global X FDS37954Y657 | US PFD ETF | 38,846 | $797.0K | <0.1% | – |
| MROMarathon Oil Corp | COM | 34,782 | $785.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SRIStoneridge Inc | COM | 45,988 | $779.0K | <0.1% | History |
| PLLPiedmont Lithium Inc. | Stock | 13,441 | $719.0K | <0.1% | History |
| LEGLeggett & Platt Inc | Stock | 21,438 | $712.0K | <0.1% | History |
| LNTHLantheus Holdings, Inc. | Stock | 9,747 | $686.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CSIQCanadian Solar Inc. | COM | 17,652 | $658.0K | <0.1% | History |
| ESEversource Energy | Stock | 7,320 | $571.0K | <0.1% | History |
| ACLSAxcelis Technologies Inc | Stock | 9,200 | $557.0K | <0.1% | History |
| ESSEssex Property Trust, Inc. | COM | 2,235 | $541.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Invesco Exch TRD SLF Idx FD46138J551 | BULSHS 2022 MUNI | 21,325 | $539.0K | <0.1% | – |
| ARAntero Resources Corp | COM | 16,434 | $502.0K | <0.1% | History |
| ENVXEnovix Corp | COM | 26,555 | $487.0K | <0.1% | History |
| AERAerCap Holdings N.V. | SHS | 11,445 | $484.0K | <0.1% | History |
| DOVDOVER Corp | COM | 4,031 | $470.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SIVBSVB Financial Group | COM | 1,392 | $467.0K | <0.1% | History |
| AOSSmith A O Corp | COM | 9,507 | $462.0K | <0.1% | History |
| DDOGDatadog, Inc. | CL A COM | 5,113 | $454.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Direxion Shs ETF Tr25460E307 | AUSPCE CMD STG | 14,330 | $427.0K | <0.1% | – |
| MCYMercury General Corp | COM | 14,981 | $426.0K | <0.1% | History |
| THWabrdn World Healthcare Fund | BEN INT SHS | 32,918 | $423.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SESea Ltd | SPONSORD ADS | 6,577 | $369.0K | <0.1% | History |
| NRGNRG Energy, Inc. | Stock | 9,473 | $363.0K | <0.1% | History |
| GHGuardant Health, Inc. | COM | 6,647 | $358.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CALYCallaway Golf Co | COM | 18,498 | $356.0K | <0.1% | History |
| iShares Tr464287374 | NORTH AMERN NAT | 10,219 | $355.0K | <0.1% | – |
| AEOAmerican Eagle Outfitters Inc | COM | 35,769 | $348.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SPDR Series Trust78464A292 | ST STR PFD ETF | 9,946 | $347.0K | <0.1% | – |
| TRUTransUnion | COM | 5,825 | $347.0K | <0.1% | History |
| First Rep BK San Francisco C33616C100 | COM | 2,641 | $345.0K | <0.1% | – |
| BUSEFirst Busey Corp | COM NEW | 15,667 | $344.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Invesco Bulletshares 2022 HY Bd (BSJM)46138J874 | BULSHS 2022 HY | 15,525 | $341.0K | <0.1% | – |
| VYXNCR Voyix Corp | COM | 17,503 | $333.0K | <0.1% | History |
| BXPBXP, Inc. | COM | 4,224 | $317.0K | <0.1% | History |
| WDCWestern Digital Corp | COM | 9,509 | $310.0K | <0.1% | History |
| TEAMAtlassian Corp | CL A | 1,435 | $302.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Vanguard Ftse All-World Ex-US Small-Cap ETF922042718 | ETF | 3,099 | $288.0K | <0.1% | – |
| ETF Managers Tr26924G201 | PRIME CYBR SCRTY | 6,510 | $282.0K | <0.1% | – |
| Schwab International Equity ETF808524805 | ETF | 9,976 | $281.0K | <0.1% | – |
| Goldman Sachs ETF Tr381430206 | ACTIVEBETA EME | 10,695 | $276.0K | <0.1% | – |
| J P Morgan Exchange Traded F46641Q654 | ULTRA SHT MUNCPL | 5,469 | $275.0K | <0.1% | – |
| VACMarriott Vacations Worldwide Corp | COM | 2,108 | $257.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SLCAU.S. Silica Holdings, Inc. | COM | 23,420 | $256.0K | <0.1% | History |
| NHCNational Healthcare Corp | COM | 4,018 | $255.0K | <0.1% | History |
| iShares Tr46435G318 | IBONDS DEC2023 | 9,800 | $247.0K | <0.1% | – |
| ROKURoku, Inc | COM CL A | 4,285 | $242.0K | <0.1% | History |
| MARMarriott International Inc | Stock | 1,697 | $238.0K | <0.1% | History |
| DNBDun & Bradstreet Holdings, Inc. | COM | 18,504 | $229.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Vanguard Admiral FDS Inc921932794 | SMLCP 600 GRTH | 1,296 | $227.0K | <0.1% | – |
| AIRCApartment Income REIT Corp. | COM | 5,785 | $223.0K | <0.1% | History |
| BAMBrookfield Asset Management Ltd. | CL A LTD VT SH | 5,412 | $221.0K | <0.1% | History |
| NFENew Fortress Energy Inc. | COM CL A | 5,000 | $219.0K | <0.1% | History |
| DXCDXC Technology Co | Stock | 8,768 | $215.0K | <0.1% | History |
| LNGCheniere Energy, Inc. | COM NEW | 1,291 | $214.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CNOBConnectOne Bancorp, Inc. | COM | 9,119 | $210.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CNNECannae Holdings, Inc. | COM | 10,181 | $210.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SNASnap-on Inc | COM | 1,040 | $209.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CLFDClearfield, Inc. | COM | 2,000 | $209.0K | <0.1% | History |
| LITELumentum Holdings Inc. | COM | 2,953 | $202.0K | <0.1% | History |
| UTFCohen & Steers Infrastructure Fund Inc | COM | 8,636 | $201.0K | <0.1% | History |
| Global X FDS37954Y715 | RBTCS ARTFL INTE | 10,353 | $187.0K | <0.1% | – |
| PINGPing Identity Holding Corp. | COM | 5,447 | $153.0K | <0.1% | History |
| GTLSChart Industries Inc | COM | 700 | $129.0K | <0.1% | History |
| TDFTempleton Dragon Fund Inc | COM | 13,244 | $123.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SICPSilvergate Capital Corp | CL A | 1,390 | $105.0K | <0.1% | History |
| CCLCarnival Corp Ltd. | UNIT 99/99/9999 | 13,895 | $98.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SMTCSemtech Corp | Stock | 3,049 | $90.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SIRISirius XM Holdings Inc. | COM | 15,427 | $88.0K | <0.1% | History |
| ETWEaton Vance Tax-Managed Global Buy-Write Opportunities Fund | COM | 10,474 | $79.0K | <0.1% | History |
| IMGNImmunoGen, Inc. | COM | 10,780 | $52.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SOLEmeren Group Ltd | SPONSORED ADS | 10,001 | $50.0K | <0.1% | History |
| BIRDSmartbird, Inc. | COM CL A | 16,567 | $50.0K | <0.1% | History |
| LYGLloyds Banking Group plc | SPONSORED ADR | 20,035 | $36.0K | <0.1% | History |
| NINENine Energy Service, Inc. | COM | 10,000 | $26.0K | <0.1% | History |
| TRUETrueCar, Inc. | COM | 12,300 | $19.0K | <0.1% | History |
| OWLTOwlet, Inc. | COMMON STOCK | 16,333 | $17.0K | <0.1% | History |
| PSFEPaysafe Ltd | ORD | 11,500 | $16.0K | <0.1% | History |
| SIENProject Sage Oldco, Inc. | COM | 18,000 | $12.0K | <0.1% | History |
| GYREGyre Therapeutics, Inc. | COM NEW | 21,525 | $11.0K | <0.1% | History |
| COUPCoupa Software Inc | COM | 37 | $2.00K | <0.1% | History |